Business writing: how to write clearly at work

Seven habits that separate emails people act on from emails people postpone. Each one is checkable, which is why a tool can help.

Watch one email get edited

Five edits, each re-scored by the same checker you can use on the home page. Step through and watch which change moves which score.

The first draft

Polite, but the request is buried in the fourth sentence and the deadline is “ASAP”.

Hi Sarah, I hope this finds you well. I just wanted to reach out in order to touch base about the Q3 vendor report. The figures were reviewed by the finance team last week and it is important to note that a number of discrepancies were found in the logistics invoices. We should probably make a decision about whether to pause payments, due to the fact that the audit is really very close, so it would be great to hear back ASAP. Thanks, Daniel
Crisp score65/100
Decent84 words (draft: 84)
Clarity87/100
Crisp
Conciseness42/100
Needs work
Tone59/100
Needs work

That walkthrough shows the whole method in miniature: each edit is small, but together they turn a polite paragraph into a message Sarah can answer in one word. For that same step-by-step feel applied elsewhere, ahaboo lets you work out how the Moon's phases arise or why photosynthesis needs a leaf.

1. Decide what you want the reader to do

Before writing, finish this sentence: “After reading this, I want [person] to [action] by [date].” If you can’t, you’re not ready to write. If you can, that sentence, lightly edited, is usually your opening line.

2. Put the point first

Journalists call it the inverted pyramid; the US military calls it BLUF, bottom line up front. The reader gets the decision, request or conclusion in the first sentence and the background after it. On a phone, the first two lines may be all they read before deciding when to deal with you.

3. Write short sentences

Aim for an average of 15 to 20 words, with no sentence over about 30. Long sentences aren’t wrong, but each extra clause is one more thing to hold in memory. The sentence length checker shows each sentence as a bar so the long ones stand out.

4. Use active voice

“The invoices were checked” leaves the reader asking who checked them. “Finance checked the invoices” answers it in fewer words. Keep passive voice for when the actor is unknown or truly irrelevant. The passive voice checker has an interactive explainer if the difference is fuzzy.

5. Choose plain words

“Use” not “utilise”, “help” not “facilitate”, “about” not “with regard to”. Plain words aren’t dumbing down: readers of every level process them faster. Jargon is the special case; the jargon translator turns corporate-speak back into English.

6. Replace vague words with facts

“ASAP” becomes “by Thursday 3 pm”. “A number of issues” becomes “three invoices worth $18,400”. “Significantly faster” becomes “from 10 days to 4”. Every weasel word is a question the reader has to send back to you.

7. Check the tone, then send

Read it as the recipient, on a bad day. Would “per my last email” or “going forward” sting? Is there one exclamation mark too many? The email tone checker flags the usual suspects and can rewrite the message in a more diplomatic or more confident tone.

Formats that help the reader

  • Subject lines that say what you need: “Vendor invoices: pause or pay? (by Thu)”. Test them with the subject line tester.
  • Short paragraphs: one idea each, three or four lines on a phone.
  • Lists for three or more parallel items, steps or options.
  • Bold sparingly, for dates and actions a skimmer must not miss.

Ready to try it on your own draft? Paste it into the business writing checker.

Questions people ask

What is business writing?

Business writing is any writing done at work to get something done: emails, reports, proposals, memos, meeting notes, status updates and messages to clients. Its purpose is practical, so it is judged by whether the reader understands and acts, not by style.

What are the key principles of good business writing?

Know the reader and the one thing you need from them; put that first; use short sentences and everyday words; use active voice so it’s clear who does what; replace vague words with facts, numbers and dates; and make the next step easy.

How can I improve my business writing quickly?

Read your draft once asking only “what do I want the reader to do?” and move that to the top. Then cut every sentence that doesn’t help them do it. Run the draft through a checker to catch filler, passive voice and long sentences you no longer see.

What are the main types of business writing?

Instructional (how-to guides, procedures), informational (reports, minutes, updates), persuasive (proposals, pitches, business cases) and transactional (emails, requests, confirmations). The principles are the same; the balance of detail and persuasion changes.

What tone should business writing have?

Professional, which today means direct and courteous rather than formal. Write the way a competent, friendly colleague would speak: no “pursuant to”, no slang, no ALL-CAPS, and no blame.